In both articles authors discusses on the side effects on the pregnant women who have smoking behaviors has been outlined. The authors have precisely stated that these behaviors affect the fetus on growth, the action of the child exposed to smoke with cognitive development defects. The research on the two articles have shown that the smoking raises the heart rate, stiffens the main arteries, and can induce an abnormal heart rhythm, which all makes it harder for the heart to function. Blood pressure is also raised by smoking, which raises the likelihood of other diseases.
In both articles, the researchers had some limitations including the individual who participated in the study, failing to expose their behaviors correctly. Gathering an effective sample size to guarantee generalization of the results on the entire population is one of the limitations with the research. In both articles the short-term and long-term effects of prenatal and postnatal tobacco exposure on children’s growth and neurobehavioral development tends to impact the children’s growth having short memory with reduced child weights and little differences in height.
In infants and young children, the passive smoking causes many health issues, such as more frequent and serious asthma attacks, respiratory diseases, ear infections, and sudden infant death syndrome. Many children’s deaths typically are as a result of smoking throughout pregnancy. One of the articles states the possibility of offering treatment to the children with such health conditions. However, both articles insisted on the importance to take caution while pregnant and avoid prenatal substance use. The articles states that when the pregnant women should avoid smoking tobacco, in order to reduce exposing the side effects of substance abuse on their unborn children.
